Vulnerabilities (CVE)

IBM DB2 Recovery Expert for LUW 5.5 Interim Fix 002 discloses sensitive information in an environment variable that could aid in further attacks against the system.

The FTP Backup on the ADM does not properly sanitize filenames received from the FTP server when parsing directory listings. A malicious server or MITM attacker can craft filenames containing path traversal sequences, causing the client to write files outside the intended backup directory. A path traversal vulnerability may allow an attacker to overwrite arbitrary files on the system and potentially achieve privilege escalation or remote code execution. Affected products and versions include: fr ... The FTP Backup on the ADM does not properly sanitize filenames received from the FTP server when parsing directory listings. A malicious server or MITM attacker can craft filenames containing path traversal sequences, causing the client to write files outside the intended backup directory. A path traversal vulnerability may allow an attacker to overwrite arbitrary files on the system and potentially achieve privilege escalation or remote code execution. Affected products and versions include: from ADM 4.1.0 through ADM 4.3.3.ROF1 as well as from ADM 5.0.0 through ADM 5.1.2.RE51.

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A privilege escalation (PE) vulnerability in the Tencent iOA app thru 210.9.28693.621001 on Windows devices enables a local user to execute programs with elevated privileges. However, execution requires that the local user is able to successfully exploit a race condition.

A privilege escalation (PE) vulnerability in the Tencent PC Manager app thru 17.10.28554.205 on Windows devices enables a local user to execute programs with elevated privileges. However, execution requires that the local user is able to successfully exploit a race condition.

Versions of the Traccar open-source GPS tracking system up to and including 6.11.1 contain a Cross-Site WebSocket Hijacking (CSWSH) vulnerability in the `/api/socket` endpoint. The application fails to validate the `Origin` header during the WebSocket handshake. This allows a remote attacker to bypass the Same Origin Policy (SOP) and establish a full-duplex WebSocket connection using a legitimate user's credentials (JSESSIONID). As of time of publication, it is unclear whether a fix is available ... Versions of the Traccar open-source GPS tracking system up to and including 6.11.1 contain a Cross-Site WebSocket Hijacking (CSWSH) vulnerability in the `/api/socket` endpoint. The application fails to validate the `Origin` header during the WebSocket handshake. This allows a remote attacker to bypass the Same Origin Policy (SOP) and establish a full-duplex WebSocket connection using a legitimate user's credentials (JSESSIONID). As of time of publication, it is unclear whether a fix is available.

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Versions of the Traccar open-source GPS tracking system up to and including 6.11.1 contain an issue in which authenticated users who can create or edit devices can set a device `uniqueId` to an absolute path. When uploading a device image, Traccar uses that `uniqueId` to build the filesystem path without enforcing that the resolved path stays under the media root. This allows writing files outside the media directory. As of time of publication, it is unclear whether a fix is available.

Apache Superset utilizes a configurable dictionary, DISALLOWED_SQL_FUNCTIONS, to restrict the execution of potentially sensitive SQL functions within SQL Lab and charts. While this feature included restrictions for engines like PostgreSQL, a vulnerability was reported where the default list for the ClickHouse engine was incomplete. This issue affects Apache Superset: before 4.1.2. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 4.1.2, which fixes the issue.

An Improper Input Validation vulnerability exists in Apache Superset that allows an authenticated user with SQLLab access to bypass the read-only verification check when using a PostgreSQL database connection. While the system effectively blocks standard Data Manipulation Language (DML) statements (e.g., INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE) on read-only connections, it fails to detect them in specially crafted SQL statements. This issue affects Apache Superset: before 6.0.0. Users are recommended to upgrad ... An Improper Input Validation vulnerability exists in Apache Superset that allows an authenticated user with SQLLab access to bypass the read-only verification check when using a PostgreSQL database connection. While the system effectively blocks standard Data Manipulation Language (DML) statements (e.g., INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE) on read-only connections, it fails to detect them in specially crafted SQL statements. This issue affects Apache Superset: before 6.0.0. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 6.0.0, which fixes the issue.

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Versions of the Traccar open-source GPS tracking system starting with 6.11.1 contain an issue in which authenticated users can execute arbitrary JavaScript in the context of other users' browsers by uploading malicious SVG files as device images. The application accepts SVG file uploads without sanitization and serves them with the `image/svg+xml` Content-Type, allowing embedded JavaScript to execute when victims view the image. As of time of publication, it is unclear whether a fix is available ... Versions of the Traccar open-source GPS tracking system starting with 6.11.1 contain an issue in which authenticated users can execute arbitrary JavaScript in the context of other users' browsers by uploading malicious SVG files as device images. The application accepts SVG file uploads without sanitization and serves them with the `image/svg+xml` Content-Type, allowing embedded JavaScript to execute when victims view the image. As of time of publication, it is unclear whether a fix is available.

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Sandbox escape in the Graphics: WebRender component. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 148, Firefox ESR < 115.33, Firefox ESR < 140.8, Thunderbird < 148, and Thunderbird < 140.8.

Sandbox escape due to incorrect boundary conditions in the Graphics: WebRender component. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 148, Firefox ESR < 115.33, Firefox ESR < 140.8, Thunderbird < 148, and Thunderbird < 140.8.

Incorrect boundary conditions in the Graphics: ImageLib component. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 148, Firefox ESR < 115.33, Firefox ESR < 140.8, Thunderbird < 148, and Thunderbird < 140.8.

Use-after-free in the JavaScript: GC component. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 148, Firefox ESR < 115.33, Firefox ESR < 140.8, Thunderbird < 148, and Thunderbird < 140.8.

Incorrect boundary conditions in the WebRTC: Audio/Video component. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 148, Firefox ESR < 115.33, Firefox ESR < 140.8, Thunderbird < 148, and Thunderbird < 140.8.

A flaw was found in gix-date. The `gix_date::parse::TimeBuf::as_str` function can generate strings containing invalid non-UTF8 characters. This issue violates the internal safety invariants of the `TimeBuf` component, leading to undefined behavior when these malformed strings are subsequently processed. This could potentially result in application instability or other unforeseen consequences.

Versions of the Traccar open-source GPS tracking system up to and including 6.11.1 contain an issue in which authenticated users can steal OAuth 2.0 authorization codes by exploiting an open redirect vulnerability in two OIDC-related endpoints. The `redirect_uri` parameter is not validated against a whitelist, allowing attackers to redirect authorization codes to attacker-controlled URLs, enabling account takeover on any OAuth-integrated application. As of time of publication, it is unclear whet ... Versions of the Traccar open-source GPS tracking system up to and including 6.11.1 contain an issue in which authenticated users can steal OAuth 2.0 authorization codes by exploiting an open redirect vulnerability in two OIDC-related endpoints. The `redirect_uri` parameter is not validated against a whitelist, allowing attackers to redirect authorization codes to attacker-controlled URLs, enabling account takeover on any OAuth-integrated application. As of time of publication, it is unclear whether a fix is available.

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A vulnerability in the CLI of Cisco SD-WAN Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker to gain elevated privileges. This vulnerability is due to improper access controls on commands within the application CLI. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by running a maliciously crafted command on the application CLI. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary commands as the root user. Cisco has released software updates that address this vulnerability. The ... A vulnerability in the CLI of Cisco SD-WAN Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker to gain elevated privileges. This vulnerability is due to improper access controls on commands within the application CLI. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by running a maliciously crafted command on the application CLI. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary commands as the root user. Cisco has released software updates that address this vulnerability. There are no workarounds that address this vulnerability. https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-sd-wan-priv-E6e8tEdF

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A vulnerability in the peering authentication in Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Controller, formerly SD-WAN vSmart, and Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Manager, formerly SD-WAN vManage, could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass authentication and obtain administrative privileges on an affected system. This vulnerability exists because the peering authentication mechanism in an affected system is not working properly. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted requests to an ... A vulnerability in the peering authentication in Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Controller, formerly SD-WAN vSmart, and Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Manager, formerly SD-WAN vManage, could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass authentication and obtain administrative privileges on an affected system. This vulnerability exists because the peering authentication mechanism in an affected system is not working properly. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted requests to an affected system. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to log in to an affected Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Controller as an internal, high-privileged, non-root&nbsp;user account. Using this account, the attacker could access NETCONF, which would then allow the attacker to manipulate network configuration for the SD-WAN fabric.&nbsp;

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A vulnerability was identified in DrayTek Vigor 300B up to 1.5.1.6. This affects the function cgiGetFile of the file /cgi-bin/mainfunction.cgi/uploadlangs of the component Web Management Interface. The manipulation of the argument File leads to os command injection. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. The vendor confirms that "300B is EoL, and this is an authenticated vulnerability. We don't plan to fix it." This vulnerability only affects p ... A vulnerability was identified in DrayTek Vigor 300B up to 1.5.1.6. This affects the function cgiGetFile of the file /cgi-bin/mainfunction.cgi/uploadlangs of the component Web Management Interface. The manipulation of the argument File leads to os command injection. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. The vendor confirms that "300B is EoL, and this is an authenticated vulnerability. We don't plan to fix it." This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.

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FreeScout is a free help desk and shared inbox built with PHP's Laravel framework. Prior to version 1.8.206, FreeScout's `TokenAuth` middleware uses a predictable authentication token computed as `MD5(user_id + created_at + APP_KEY)`. This token is static (never expires/rotates), and if an attacker obtains the `APP_KEY` — a well-documented and common exposure vector in Laravel applications — they can compute a valid token for any user, including the administrator, achieving full account takeover ... FreeScout is a free help desk and shared inbox built with PHP's Laravel framework. Prior to version 1.8.206, FreeScout's `TokenAuth` middleware uses a predictable authentication token computed as `MD5(user_id + created_at + APP_KEY)`. This token is static (never expires/rotates), and if an attacker obtains the `APP_KEY` — a well-documented and common exposure vector in Laravel applications — they can compute a valid token for any user, including the administrator, achieving full account takeover without any password. This vulnerability can be exploited on its own or in combination with CVE-2026-27636. Version 1.8.206 fixes both vulnerabilities.

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FreeScout is a free help desk and shared inbox built with PHP's Laravel framework. Prior to version 1.8.206, FreeScout's file upload restriction list in `app/Misc/Helper.php` does not include `.htaccess` or `.user.ini` files. On Apache servers with `AllowOverride All` (a common configuration), an authenticated user can upload a `.htaccess` file to redefine how files are processed, enabling Remote Code Execution. This vulnerability can be exploited on its own or in combination with CVE-2026-27637 ... FreeScout is a free help desk and shared inbox built with PHP's Laravel framework. Prior to version 1.8.206, FreeScout's file upload restriction list in `app/Misc/Helper.php` does not include `.htaccess` or `.user.ini` files. On Apache servers with `AllowOverride All` (a common configuration), an authenticated user can upload a `.htaccess` file to redefine how files are processed, enabling Remote Code Execution. This vulnerability can be exploited on its own or in combination with CVE-2026-27637. Version 1.8.206 fixes both vulnerabilities.

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Valkey-Bloom is a Rust based Valkey module which brings a Bloom Filter (Module) data type into the Valkey distributed key-value database. Prior to commit a68614b6e3845777d383b3a513cedcc08b3b7ccd, a specially crafted `RESTORE` command can cause Valkey to hit an assertion, causes the server to shutdown. Valkey modules are required to handle errors in RDB parsing by using `VALKEYMODULE_OPTIONS_HANDLE_IO_ERRORS` flag. If this flag is not set, errors encountered during parsing result in a system asse ... Valkey-Bloom is a Rust based Valkey module which brings a Bloom Filter (Module) data type into the Valkey distributed key-value database. Prior to commit a68614b6e3845777d383b3a513cedcc08b3b7ccd, a specially crafted `RESTORE` command can cause Valkey to hit an assertion, causes the server to shutdown. Valkey modules are required to handle errors in RDB parsing by using `VALKEYMODULE_OPTIONS_HANDLE_IO_ERRORS` flag. If this flag is not set, errors encountered during parsing result in a system assertion which shuts down the system. Even though the Valkey-bloom module correctly handled the parsing, it did not originally set the flag. Commit a68614b6e3845777d383b3a513cedcc08b3b7ccd contains a patch. One may mitigate this defect by disabling the `RESTORE` command if it is unused by one's application.

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In JetBrains YouTrack before 2025.3.121962 apps were able to send requests to the app permissions endpoint

A vulnerability was found in feiyuchuixue sz-boot-parent up to 1.3.2-beta. Affected is an unknown function of the file /api/admin/sys-message/ of the component API Endpoint. The manipulation of the argument messageId results in authorization bypass. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used. Upgrading to version 1.3.3-beta is able to address this issue. The patch is identified as aefaabfd7527188bfba3c8c9eee17c316d094802. The affected component should ... A vulnerability was found in feiyuchuixue sz-boot-parent up to 1.3.2-beta. Affected is an unknown function of the file /api/admin/sys-message/ of the component API Endpoint. The manipulation of the argument messageId results in authorization bypass. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used. Upgrading to version 1.3.3-beta is able to address this issue. The patch is identified as aefaabfd7527188bfba3c8c9eee17c316d094802. The affected component should be upgraded. The project was informed beforehand and acted very professional: "We have implemented message ownership verification, so that users can only query messages related to themselves."

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In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: exfat: fix refcount leak in exfat_find Fix refcount leaks in `exfat_find` related to `exfat_get_dentry_set`. Function `exfat_get_dentry_set` would increase the reference counter of `es->bh` on success. Therefore, `exfat_put_dentry_set` must be called after `exfat_get_dentry_set` to ensure refcount consistency. This patch relocate two checks to avoid possible leaks.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: team: Move team device type change at the end of team_port_add Attempting to add a port device that is already up will expectedly fail, but not before modifying the team device header_ops. In the case of the syzbot reproducer the gre0 device is already in state UP when it attempts to add it as a port device of team0, this fails but before that header_ops->create of team0 is changed from eth_header to ipgre_header in the call ... In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: team: Move team device type change at the end of team_port_add Attempting to add a port device that is already up will expectedly fail, but not before modifying the team device header_ops. In the case of the syzbot reproducer the gre0 device is already in state UP when it attempts to add it as a port device of team0, this fails but before that header_ops->create of team0 is changed from eth_header to ipgre_header in the call to team_dev_type_check_change. Later when we end up in ipgre_header() struct ip_tunnel* points to nonsense as the private data of the device still holds a struct team. Example sequence of iproute2 commands to reproduce the hang/BUG(): ip link add dev team0 type team ip link add dev gre0 type gre ip link set dev gre0 up ip link set dev gre0 master team0 ip link set dev team0 up ping -I team0 1.1.1.1 Move team_dev_type_check_change down where all other checks have passed as it changes the dev type with no way to restore it in case one of the checks that follow it fail. Also make sure to preserve the origial mtu assignment: - If port_dev is not the same type as dev, dev takes mtu from port_dev - If port_dev is the same type as dev, port_dev takes mtu from dev This is done by adding a conditional before the call to dev_set_mtu to prevent it from assigning port_dev->mtu = dev->mtu and instead letting team_dev_type_check_change assign dev->mtu = port_dev->mtu. The conditional is needed because the patch moves the call to team_dev_type_check_change past dev_set_mtu. Testing: - team device driver in-tree selftests - Add/remove various devices as slaves of team device - syzbot

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A vulnerability was determined in feiyuchuixue sz-boot-parent up to 1.3.2-beta. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /api/admin/sys-user/reset/password/ of the component Password Reset Handler. This manipulation of the argument userId causes use of default password. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. Upgrading to version 1.3.3-beta addresses this issue. Patch name: aefaabfd7527188bfba3c8c9eee17c316d ... A vulnerability was determined in feiyuchuixue sz-boot-parent up to 1.3.2-beta. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /api/admin/sys-user/reset/password/ of the component Password Reset Handler. This manipulation of the argument userId causes use of default password. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. Upgrading to version 1.3.3-beta addresses this issue. Patch name: aefaabfd7527188bfba3c8c9eee17c316d094802. It is suggested to upgrade the affected component. The project was informed beforehand and acted very professional: "We have added authorization validation to the password reset interface; now only users with the corresponding permissions are allowed to perform password resets."

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In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: sched_ext: Fix possible deadlock in the deferred_irq_workfn() For PREEMPT_RT=y kernels, the deferred_irq_workfn() is executed in the per-cpu irq_work/* task context and not disable-irq, if the rq returned by container_of() is current CPU's rq, the following scenarios may occur: lock(&rq->__lock); <Interrupt> lock(&rq->__lock); This commit use IRQ_WORK_INIT_HARD() to replace init_irq_work() to initialize rq->scx.deferred_ir ... In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: sched_ext: Fix possible deadlock in the deferred_irq_workfn() For PREEMPT_RT=y kernels, the deferred_irq_workfn() is executed in the per-cpu irq_work/* task context and not disable-irq, if the rq returned by container_of() is current CPU's rq, the following scenarios may occur: lock(&rq->__lock); <Interrupt> lock(&rq->__lock); This commit use IRQ_WORK_INIT_HARD() to replace init_irq_work() to initialize rq->scx.deferred_irq_work, make the deferred_irq_workfn() is always invoked in hard-irq context.

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In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/radeon: delete radeon_fence_process in is_signaled, no deadlock Delete the attempt to progress the queue when checking if fence is signaled. This avoids deadlock. dma-fence_ops::signaled can be called with the fence lock in unknown state. For radeon, the fence lock is also the wait queue lock. This can cause a self deadlock when signaled() tries to make forward progress on the wait queue. But advancing the queue is unneed ... In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/radeon: delete radeon_fence_process in is_signaled, no deadlock Delete the attempt to progress the queue when checking if fence is signaled. This avoids deadlock. dma-fence_ops::signaled can be called with the fence lock in unknown state. For radeon, the fence lock is also the wait queue lock. This can cause a self deadlock when signaled() tries to make forward progress on the wait queue. But advancing the queue is unneeded because incorrectly returning false from signaled() is perfectly acceptable. (cherry picked from commit 527ba26e50ec2ca2be9c7c82f3ad42998a75d0db)

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In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: timers: Fix NULL function pointer race in timer_shutdown_sync() There is a race condition between timer_shutdown_sync() and timer expiration that can lead to hitting a WARN_ON in expire_timers(). The issue occurs when timer_shutdown_sync() clears the timer function to NULL while the timer is still running on another CPU. The race scenario looks like this: CPU0 CPU1 <SOFTIRQ> lock_timer_base() expire_timers ... In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: timers: Fix NULL function pointer race in timer_shutdown_sync() There is a race condition between timer_shutdown_sync() and timer expiration that can lead to hitting a WARN_ON in expire_timers(). The issue occurs when timer_shutdown_sync() clears the timer function to NULL while the timer is still running on another CPU. The race scenario looks like this: CPU0 CPU1 <SOFTIRQ> lock_timer_base() expire_timers() base->running_timer = timer; unlock_timer_base() [call_timer_fn enter] mod_timer() ... timer_shutdown_sync() lock_timer_base() // For now, will not detach the timer but only clear its function to NULL if (base->running_timer != timer) ret = detach_if_pending(timer, base, true); if (shutdown) timer->function = NULL; unlock_timer_base() [call_timer_fn exit] lock_timer_base() base->running_timer = NULL; unlock_timer_base() ... // Now timer is pending while its function set to NULL. // next timer trigger <SOFTIRQ> expire_timers() WARN_ON_ONCE(!fn) // hit ... lock_timer_base() // Now timer will detach if (base->running_timer != timer) ret = detach_if_pending(timer, base, true); if (shutdown) timer->function = NULL; unlock_timer_base() The problem is that timer_shutdown_sync() clears the timer function regardless of whether the timer is currently running. This can leave a pending timer with a NULL function pointer, which triggers the WARN_ON_ONCE(!fn) check in expire_timers(). Fix this by only clearing the timer function when actually detaching the timer. If the timer is running, leave the function pointer intact, which is safe because the timer will be properly detached when it finishes running.

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In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ksm: use range-walk function to jump over holes in scan_get_next_rmap_item Currently, scan_get_next_rmap_item() walks every page address in a VMA to locate mergeable pages. This becomes highly inefficient when scanning large virtual memory areas that contain mostly unmapped regions, causing ksmd to use large amount of cpu without deduplicating much pages. This patch replaces the per-address lookup with a range walk using wal ... In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ksm: use range-walk function to jump over holes in scan_get_next_rmap_item Currently, scan_get_next_rmap_item() walks every page address in a VMA to locate mergeable pages. This becomes highly inefficient when scanning large virtual memory areas that contain mostly unmapped regions, causing ksmd to use large amount of cpu without deduplicating much pages. This patch replaces the per-address lookup with a range walk using walk_page_range(). The range walker allows KSM to skip over entire unmapped holes in a VMA, avoiding unnecessary lookups. This problem was previously discussed in [1]. Consider the following test program which creates a 32 TiB mapping in the virtual address space but only populates a single page: #include <unistd.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <sys/mman.h> /* 32 TiB */ const size_t size = 32ul * 1024 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024; int main() { char *area = mmap(NULL, size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_NORESERVE | MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANON, -1, 0); if (area == MAP_FAILED) { perror("mmap() failed\n"); return -1; } /* Populate a single page such that we get an anon_vma. */ *area = 0; /* Enable KSM. */ madvise(area, size, MADV_MERGEABLE); pause(); return 0; } $ ./ksm-sparse & $ echo 1 > /sys/kernel/mm/ksm/run Without this patch ksmd uses 100% of the cpu for a long time (more then 1 hour in my test machine) scanning all the 32 TiB virtual address space that contain only one mapped page. This makes ksmd essentially deadlocked not able to deduplicate anything of value. With this patch ksmd walks only the one mapped page and skips the rest of the 32 TiB virtual address space, making the scan fast using little cpu.

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In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: devlink: rate: Unset parent pointer in devl_rate_nodes_destroy The function devl_rate_nodes_destroy is documented to "Unset parent for all rate objects". However, it was only calling the driver-specific `rate_leaf_parent_set` or `rate_node_parent_set` ops and decrementing the parent's refcount, without actually setting the `devlink_rate->parent` pointer to NULL. This leaves a dangling pointer in the `devlink_rate` struct, whi ... In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: devlink: rate: Unset parent pointer in devl_rate_nodes_destroy The function devl_rate_nodes_destroy is documented to "Unset parent for all rate objects". However, it was only calling the driver-specific `rate_leaf_parent_set` or `rate_node_parent_set` ops and decrementing the parent's refcount, without actually setting the `devlink_rate->parent` pointer to NULL. This leaves a dangling pointer in the `devlink_rate` struct, which cause refcount error in netdevsim[1] and mlx5[2]. In addition, this is inconsistent with the behavior of `devlink_nl_rate_parent_node_set`, where the parent pointer is correctly cleared. This patch fixes the issue by explicitly setting `devlink_rate->parent` to NULL after notifying the driver, thus fulfilling the function's documented behavior for all rate objects. [1] repro steps: echo 1 > /sys/bus/netdevsim/new_device devlink dev eswitch set netdevsim/netdevsim1 mode switchdev echo 1 > /sys/bus/netdevsim/devices/netdevsim1/sriov_numvfs devlink port function rate add netdevsim/netdevsim1/test_node devlink port function rate set netdevsim/netdevsim1/128 parent test_node echo 1 > /sys/bus/netdevsim/del_device dmesg: refcount_t: decrement hit 0; leaking memory. WARNING: CPU: 8 PID: 1530 at lib/refcount.c:31 refcount_warn_saturate+0x42/0xe0 CPU: 8 UID: 0 PID: 1530 Comm: bash Not tainted 6.18.0-rc4+ #1 NONE Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS rel-1.16.0-0-gd239552ce722-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0x42/0xe0 Call Trace: <TASK> devl_rate_leaf_destroy+0x8d/0x90 __nsim_dev_port_del+0x6c/0x70 [netdevsim] nsim_dev_reload_destroy+0x11c/0x140 [netdevsim] nsim_drv_remove+0x2b/0xb0 [netdevsim] device_release_driver_internal+0x194/0x1f0 bus_remove_device+0xc6/0x130 device_del+0x159/0x3c0 device_unregister+0x1a/0x60 del_device_store+0x111/0x170 [netdevsim] kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x12e/0x1e0 vfs_write+0x215/0x3d0 ksys_write+0x5f/0xd0 do_syscall_64+0x55/0x10f0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53 [2] devlink dev eswitch set pci/0000:08:00.0 mode switchdev devlink port add pci/0000:08:00.0 flavour pcisf pfnum 0 sfnum 1000 devlink port function rate add pci/0000:08:00.0/group1 devlink port function rate set pci/0000:08:00.0/32768 parent group1 modprobe -r mlx5_ib mlx5_fwctl mlx5_core dmesg: refcount_t: decrement hit 0; leaking memory. WARNING: CPU: 7 PID: 16151 at lib/refcount.c:31 refcount_warn_saturate+0x42/0xe0 CPU: 7 UID: 0 PID: 16151 Comm: bash Not tainted 6.17.0-rc7_for_upstream_min_debug_2025_10_02_12_44 #1 NONE Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS rel-1.16.3-0-ga6ed6b701f0a-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0x42/0xe0 Call Trace: <TASK> devl_rate_leaf_destroy+0x8d/0x90 mlx5_esw_offloads_devlink_port_unregister+0x33/0x60 [mlx5_core] mlx5_esw_offloads_unload_rep+0x3f/0x50 [mlx5_core] mlx5_eswitch_unload_sf_vport+0x40/0x90 [mlx5_core] mlx5_sf_esw_event+0xc4/0x120 [mlx5_core] notifier_call_chain+0x33/0xa0 blocking_notifier_call_chain+0x3b/0x50 mlx5_eswitch_disable_locked+0x50/0x110 [mlx5_core] mlx5_eswitch_disable+0x63/0x90 [mlx5_core] mlx5_unload+0x1d/0x170 [mlx5_core] mlx5_uninit_one+0xa2/0x130 [mlx5_core] remove_one+0x78/0xd0 [mlx5_core] pci_device_remove+0x39/0xa0 device_release_driver_internal+0x194/0x1f0 unbind_store+0x99/0xa0 kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x12e/0x1e0 vfs_write+0x215/0x3d0 ksys_write+0x5f/0xd0 do_syscall_64+0x53/0x1f0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53

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In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: usbnet: Fix using smp_processor_id() in preemptible code warnings Syzbot reported the following warning: BUG: using smp_processor_id() in preemptible [00000000] code: dhcpcd/2879 caller is usbnet_skb_return+0x74/0x490 drivers/net/usb/usbnet.c:331 CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 2879 Comm: dhcpcd Not tainted 6.15.0-rc4-syzkaller-00098-g615dca38c2ea #0 PREEMPT(voluntary) Call Trace: <TASK> __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline] dump_s ... In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: usbnet: Fix using smp_processor_id() in preemptible code warnings Syzbot reported the following warning: BUG: using smp_processor_id() in preemptible [00000000] code: dhcpcd/2879 caller is usbnet_skb_return+0x74/0x490 drivers/net/usb/usbnet.c:331 CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 2879 Comm: dhcpcd Not tainted 6.15.0-rc4-syzkaller-00098-g615dca38c2ea #0 PREEMPT(voluntary) Call Trace: <TASK> __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0x16c/0x1f0 lib/dump_stack.c:120 check_preemption_disabled+0xd0/0xe0 lib/smp_processor_id.c:49 usbnet_skb_return+0x74/0x490 drivers/net/usb/usbnet.c:331 usbnet_resume_rx+0x4b/0x170 drivers/net/usb/usbnet.c:708 usbnet_change_mtu+0x1be/0x220 drivers/net/usb/usbnet.c:417 __dev_set_mtu net/core/dev.c:9443 [inline] netif_set_mtu_ext+0x369/0x5c0 net/core/dev.c:9496 netif_set_mtu+0xb0/0x160 net/core/dev.c:9520 dev_set_mtu+0xae/0x170 net/core/dev_api.c:247 dev_ifsioc+0xa31/0x18d0 net/core/dev_ioctl.c:572 dev_ioctl+0x223/0x10e0 net/core/dev_ioctl.c:821 sock_do_ioctl+0x19d/0x280 net/socket.c:1204 sock_ioctl+0x42f/0x6a0 net/socket.c:1311 vfs_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:51 [inline] __do_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:906 [inline] __se_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:892 [inline] __x64_sys_ioctl+0x190/0x200 fs/ioctl.c:892 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xcd/0x260 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f For historical and portability reasons, the netif_rx() is usually run in the softirq or interrupt context, this commit therefore add local_bh_disable/enable() protection in the usbnet_resume_rx().

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In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tls: Use __sk_dst_get() and dst_dev_rcu() in get_netdev_for_sock(). get_netdev_for_sock() is called during setsockopt(), so not under RCU. Using sk_dst_get(sk)->dev could trigger UAF. Let's use __sk_dst_get() and dst_dev_rcu(). Note that the only ->ndo_sk_get_lower_dev() user is bond_sk_get_lower_dev(), which uses RCU.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ksmbd: fix recursive locking in RPC handle list access Since commit 305853cce3794 ("ksmbd: Fix race condition in RPC handle list access"), ksmbd_session_rpc_method() attempts to lock sess->rpc_lock. This causes hung connections / tasks when a client attempts to open a named pipe. Using Samba's rpcclient tool: $ rpcclient //192.168.1.254 -U user%password $ rpcclient $> srvinfo <connection hung here> Kernel side: "echo 0 ... In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ksmbd: fix recursive locking in RPC handle list access Since commit 305853cce3794 ("ksmbd: Fix race condition in RPC handle list access"), ksmbd_session_rpc_method() attempts to lock sess->rpc_lock. This causes hung connections / tasks when a client attempts to open a named pipe. Using Samba's rpcclient tool: $ rpcclient //192.168.1.254 -U user%password $ rpcclient $> srvinfo <connection hung here> Kernel side: "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message. task:kworker/0:0 state:D stack:0 pid:5021 tgid:5021 ppid:2 flags:0x00200000 Workqueue: ksmbd-io handle_ksmbd_work Call trace: __schedule from schedule+0x3c/0x58 schedule from schedule_preempt_disabled+0xc/0x10 schedule_preempt_disabled from rwsem_down_read_slowpath+0x1b0/0x1d8 rwsem_down_read_slowpath from down_read+0x28/0x30 down_read from ksmbd_session_rpc_method+0x18/0x3c ksmbd_session_rpc_method from ksmbd_rpc_open+0x34/0x68 ksmbd_rpc_open from ksmbd_session_rpc_open+0x194/0x228 ksmbd_session_rpc_open from create_smb2_pipe+0x8c/0x2c8 create_smb2_pipe from smb2_open+0x10c/0x27ac smb2_open from handle_ksmbd_work+0x238/0x3dc handle_ksmbd_work from process_scheduled_works+0x160/0x25c process_scheduled_works from worker_thread+0x16c/0x1e8 worker_thread from kthread+0xa8/0xb8 kthread from ret_from_fork+0x14/0x38 Exception stack(0x8529ffb0 to 0x8529fff8) The task deadlocks because the lock is already held: ksmbd_session_rpc_open down_write(&sess->rpc_lock) ksmbd_rpc_open ksmbd_session_rpc_method down_read(&sess->rpc_lock) <-- deadlock Adjust ksmbd_session_rpc_method() callers to take the lock when necessary.

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In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: hfsplus: fix slab-out-of-bounds read in hfsplus_uni2asc() BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in hfsplus_uni2asc+0xa71/0xb90 fs/hfsplus/unicode.c:186 Read of size 2 at addr ffff8880289ef218 by task syz.6.248/14290 CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 14290 Comm: syz.6.248 Not tainted 6.16.4 #1 PREEMPT(full) Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.15.0-1 04/01/2014 Call Trace: <TASK> __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline] ... In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: hfsplus: fix slab-out-of-bounds read in hfsplus_uni2asc() BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in hfsplus_uni2asc+0xa71/0xb90 fs/hfsplus/unicode.c:186 Read of size 2 at addr ffff8880289ef218 by task syz.6.248/14290 CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 14290 Comm: syz.6.248 Not tainted 6.16.4 #1 PREEMPT(full) Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.15.0-1 04/01/2014 Call Trace: <TASK> __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0x116/0x1b0 lib/dump_stack.c:120 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline] print_report+0xca/0x5f0 mm/kasan/report.c:482 kasan_report+0xca/0x100 mm/kasan/report.c:595 hfsplus_uni2asc+0xa71/0xb90 fs/hfsplus/unicode.c:186 hfsplus_listxattr+0x5b6/0xbd0 fs/hfsplus/xattr.c:738 vfs_listxattr+0xbe/0x140 fs/xattr.c:493 listxattr+0xee/0x190 fs/xattr.c:924 filename_listxattr fs/xattr.c:958 [inline] path_listxattrat+0x143/0x360 fs/xattr.c:988 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xcb/0x4c0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7fe0e9fae16d Code: 02 b8 ff ff ff ff c3 66 0f 1f 44 00 00 f3 0f 1e fa 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 a8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007fe0eae67f98 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 00000000000000c3 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fe0ea205fa0 RCX: 00007fe0e9fae16d RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: 0000200000000000 RBP: 00007fe0ea0480f0 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007fe0ea206038 R14: 00007fe0ea205fa0 R15: 00007fe0eae48000 </TASK> Allocated by task 14290: kasan_save_stack+0x24/0x50 mm/kasan/common.c:47 kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30 mm/kasan/common.c:68 poison_kmalloc_redzone mm/kasan/common.c:377 [inline] __kasan_kmalloc+0xaa/0xb0 mm/kasan/common.c:394 kasan_kmalloc include/linux/kasan.h:260 [inline] __do_kmalloc_node mm/slub.c:4333 [inline] __kmalloc_noprof+0x219/0x540 mm/slub.c:4345 kmalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:909 [inline] hfsplus_find_init+0x95/0x1f0 fs/hfsplus/bfind.c:21 hfsplus_listxattr+0x331/0xbd0 fs/hfsplus/xattr.c:697 vfs_listxattr+0xbe/0x140 fs/xattr.c:493 listxattr+0xee/0x190 fs/xattr.c:924 filename_listxattr fs/xattr.c:958 [inline] path_listxattrat+0x143/0x360 fs/xattr.c:988 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xcb/0x4c0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f When hfsplus_uni2asc is called from hfsplus_listxattr, it actually passes in a struct hfsplus_attr_unistr*. The size of the corresponding structure is different from that of hfsplus_unistr, so the previous fix (94458781aee6) is insufficient. The pointer on the unicode buffer is still going beyond the allocated memory. This patch introduces two warpper functions hfsplus_uni2asc_xattr_str and hfsplus_uni2asc_str to process two unicode buffers, struct hfsplus_attr_unistr* and struct hfsplus_unistr* respectively. When ustrlen value is bigger than the allocated memory size, the ustrlen value is limited to an safe size.

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In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm/ksm: fix flag-dropping behavior in ksm_madvise syzkaller discovered the following crash: (kernel BUG) [ 44.607039] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [ 44.607422] kernel BUG at mm/userfaultfd.c:2067! [ 44.608148] Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP DEBUG_PAGEALLOC KASAN NOPTI [ 44.608814] CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 2475 Comm: reproducer Not tainted 6.16.0-rc6 #1 PREEMPT(none) [ 44.609635] Hardware name: QEMU Standard P ... In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm/ksm: fix flag-dropping behavior in ksm_madvise syzkaller discovered the following crash: (kernel BUG) [ 44.607039] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [ 44.607422] kernel BUG at mm/userfaultfd.c:2067! [ 44.608148] Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP DEBUG_PAGEALLOC KASAN NOPTI [ 44.608814] CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 2475 Comm: reproducer Not tainted 6.16.0-rc6 #1 PREEMPT(none) [ 44.609635] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.16.3-0-ga6ed6b701f0a-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014 [ 44.610695] RIP: 0010:userfaultfd_release_all+0x3a8/0x460 <snip other registers, drop unreliable trace> [ 44.617726] Call Trace: [ 44.617926] <TASK> [ 44.619284] userfaultfd_release+0xef/0x1b0 [ 44.620976] __fput+0x3f9/0xb60 [ 44.621240] fput_close_sync+0x110/0x210 [ 44.622222] __x64_sys_close+0x8f/0x120 [ 44.622530] do_syscall_64+0x5b/0x2f0 [ 44.622840] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e [ 44.623244] RIP: 0033:0x7f365bb3f227 Kernel panics because it detects UFFD inconsistency during userfaultfd_release_all(). Specifically, a VMA which has a valid pointer to vma->vm_userfaultfd_ctx, but no UFFD flags in vma->vm_flags. The inconsistency is caused in ksm_madvise(): when user calls madvise() with MADV_UNMEARGEABLE on a VMA that is registered for UFFD in MINOR mode, it accidentally clears all flags stored in the upper 32 bits of vma->vm_flags. Assuming x86_64 kernel build, unsigned long is 64-bit and unsigned int and int are 32-bit wide. This setup causes the following mishap during the &= ~VM_MERGEABLE assignment. VM_MERGEABLE is a 32-bit constant of type unsigned int, 0x8000'0000. After ~ is applied, it becomes 0x7fff'ffff unsigned int, which is then promoted to unsigned long before the & operation. This promotion fills upper 32 bits with leading 0s, as we're doing unsigned conversion (and even for a signed conversion, this wouldn't help as the leading bit is 0). & operation thus ends up AND-ing vm_flags with 0x0000'0000'7fff'ffff instead of intended 0xffff'ffff'7fff'ffff and hence accidentally clears the upper 32-bits of its value. Fix it by changing `VM_MERGEABLE` constant to unsigned long, using the BIT() macro. Note: other VM_* flags are not affected: This only happens to the VM_MERGEABLE flag, as the other VM_* flags are all constants of type int and after ~ operation, they end up with leading 1 and are thus converted to unsigned long with leading 1s. Note 2: After commit 31defc3b01d9 ("userfaultfd: remove (VM_)BUG_ON()s"), this is no longer a kernel BUG, but a WARNING at the same place: [ 45.595973] WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 2474 at mm/userfaultfd.c:2067 but the root-cause (flag-drop) remains the same. [[email protected]: rust bindgen wasn't able to handle BIT(), from Miguel]

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In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ksmbd: Fix race condition in RPC handle list access The 'sess->rpc_handle_list' XArray manages RPC handles within a ksmbd session. Access to this list is intended to be protected by 'sess->rpc_lock' (an rw_semaphore). However, the locking implementation was flawed, leading to potential race conditions. In ksmbd_session_rpc_open(), the code incorrectly acquired only a read lock before calling xa_store() and xa_erase(). Since t ... In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ksmbd: Fix race condition in RPC handle list access The 'sess->rpc_handle_list' XArray manages RPC handles within a ksmbd session. Access to this list is intended to be protected by 'sess->rpc_lock' (an rw_semaphore). However, the locking implementation was flawed, leading to potential race conditions. In ksmbd_session_rpc_open(), the code incorrectly acquired only a read lock before calling xa_store() and xa_erase(). Since these operations modify the XArray structure, a write lock is required to ensure exclusive access and prevent data corruption from concurrent modifications. Furthermore, ksmbd_session_rpc_method() accessed the list using xa_load() without holding any lock at all. This could lead to reading inconsistent data or a potential use-after-free if an entry is concurrently removed and the pointer is dereferenced. Fix these issues by: 1. Using down_write() and up_write() in ksmbd_session_rpc_open() to ensure exclusive access during XArray modification, and ensuring the lock is correctly released on error paths. 2. Adding down_read() and up_read() in ksmbd_session_rpc_method() to safely protect the lookup.

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In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: spi: cadence-quadspi: Implement refcount to handle unbind during busy driver support indirect read and indirect write operation with assumption no force device removal(unbind) operation. However force device removal(removal) is still available to root superuser. Unbinding driver during operation causes kernel crash. This changes ensure driver able to handle such operation for indirect read and indirect write by implementing r ... In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: spi: cadence-quadspi: Implement refcount to handle unbind during busy driver support indirect read and indirect write operation with assumption no force device removal(unbind) operation. However force device removal(removal) is still available to root superuser. Unbinding driver during operation causes kernel crash. This changes ensure driver able to handle such operation for indirect read and indirect write by implementing refcount to track attached devices to the controller and gracefully wait and until attached devices remove operation completed before proceed with removal operation.

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iccDEV provides a set of libraries and tools for working with ICC color management profiles. In versions up to and including 2.3.1.4, signed integer overflow in iccFromCube.cpp during multiplication triggers undefined behavior, potentially causing crashes or incorrect ICC profile generation when processing crafted/large cube inputs. Commit 43ae18dd69fc70190d3632a18a3af2f3da1e052a fixes the issue. No known workarounds are available.