Vulnerabilities (CVE)

An out-of-bounds access issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in tvOS 26.1, macOS Tahoe 26.1, iOS 26.1 and iPadOS 26.1, iOS 18.7.2 and iPadOS 18.7.2, macOS Sequoia 15.7.2, visionOS 26.1. Processing a maliciously crafted media file may lead to unexpected app termination or corrupt process memory.

An out-of-bounds access issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in tvOS 26.1, macOS Tahoe 26.1, iOS 26.1 and iPadOS 26.1, iOS 18.7.2 and iPadOS 18.7.2, macOS Sequoia 15.7.2, visionOS 26.1. Processing a maliciously crafted media file may lead to unexpected app termination or corrupt process memory.

An out-of-bounds access issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in tvOS 26.1, macOS Tahoe 26.1, iOS 26.1 and iPadOS 26.1, iOS 18.7.2 and iPadOS 18.7.2, macOS Sequoia 15.7.2, visionOS 26.1. Processing a maliciously crafted media file may lead to unexpected app termination or corrupt process memory.

An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.7.2 and iPadOS 18.7.2, macOS Sequoia 15.7.2, macOS Tahoe 26.1. An app may be able to cause a denial-of-service.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: can: bcm: add locking for bcm_op runtime updates The CAN broadcast manager (CAN BCM) can send a sequence of CAN frames via hrtimer. The content and also the length of the sequence can be changed resp reduced at runtime where the 'currframe' counter is then set to zero. Although this appeared to be a safe operation the updates of 'currframe' can be triggered from user space and hrtimer context in bcm_can_tx(). Anderson Nascime ... In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: can: bcm: add locking for bcm_op runtime updates The CAN broadcast manager (CAN BCM) can send a sequence of CAN frames via hrtimer. The content and also the length of the sequence can be changed resp reduced at runtime where the 'currframe' counter is then set to zero. Although this appeared to be a safe operation the updates of 'currframe' can be triggered from user space and hrtimer context in bcm_can_tx(). Anderson Nascimento created a proof of concept that triggered a KASAN slab-out-of-bounds read access which can be prevented with a spin_lock_bh. At the rework of bcm_can_tx() the 'count' variable has been moved into the protected section as this variable can be modified from both contexts too.

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In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: powerpc/powernv/memtrace: Fix out of bounds issue in memtrace mmap memtrace mmap issue has an out of bounds issue. This patch fixes the by checking that the requested mapping region size should stay within the allocated region size.

LIBPNG is a reference library for use in applications that read, create, and manipulate PNG (Portable Network Graphics) raster image files. Prior to 1.6.52, an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in libpng's simplified API allows reading up to 1012 bytes beyond the png_sRGB_base[512] array when processing valid palette PNG images with partial transparency and gamma correction. The PNG files that trigger this vulnerability are valid per the PNG specification; the bug is in libpng's internal state ma ... LIBPNG is a reference library for use in applications that read, create, and manipulate PNG (Portable Network Graphics) raster image files. Prior to 1.6.52, an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in libpng's simplified API allows reading up to 1012 bytes beyond the png_sRGB_base[512] array when processing valid palette PNG images with partial transparency and gamma correction. The PNG files that trigger this vulnerability are valid per the PNG specification; the bug is in libpng's internal state management. Upgrade to libpng 1.6.52 or later.

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In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: software node: Correct a OOB check in software_node_get_reference_args() software_node_get_reference_args() wants to get @index-th element, so the property value requires at least '(index + 1) * sizeof(*ref)' bytes but that can not be guaranteed by current OOB check, and may cause OOB for malformed property. Fix by using as OOB check '((index + 1) * sizeof(*ref) > prop->length)'.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: virtio-net: ensure the received length does not exceed allocated size In xdp_linearize_page, when reading the following buffers from the ring, we forget to check the received length with the true allocate size. This can lead to an out-of-bound read. This commit adds that missing check.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: HID: usbhid: Eliminate recurrent out-of-bounds bug in usbhid_parse() Update struct hid_descriptor to better reflect the mandatory and optional parts of the HID Descriptor as per USB HID 1.11 specification. Note: the kernel currently does not parse any optional HID class descriptors, only the mandatory report descriptor. Update all references to member element desc[0] to rpt_desc. Add test to verify bLength and bNumDescriptor ... In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: HID: usbhid: Eliminate recurrent out-of-bounds bug in usbhid_parse() Update struct hid_descriptor to better reflect the mandatory and optional parts of the HID Descriptor as per USB HID 1.11 specification. Note: the kernel currently does not parse any optional HID class descriptors, only the mandatory report descriptor. Update all references to member element desc[0] to rpt_desc. Add test to verify bLength and bNumDescriptors values are valid. Replace the for loop with direct access to the mandatory HID class descriptor member for the report descriptor. This eliminates the possibility of getting an out-of-bounds fault. Add a warning message if the HID descriptor contains any unsupported optional HID class descriptors.

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In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/mdiobus: Fix potential out-of-bounds read/write access When using publicly available tools like 'mdio-tools' to read/write data from/to network interface and its PHY via mdiobus, there is no verification of parameters passed to the ioctl and it accepts any mdio address. Currently there is support for 32 addresses in kernel via PHY_MAX_ADDR define, but it is possible to pass higher value than that via ioctl. While read/writ ... In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/mdiobus: Fix potential out-of-bounds read/write access When using publicly available tools like 'mdio-tools' to read/write data from/to network interface and its PHY via mdiobus, there is no verification of parameters passed to the ioctl and it accepts any mdio address. Currently there is support for 32 addresses in kernel via PHY_MAX_ADDR define, but it is possible to pass higher value than that via ioctl. While read/write operation should generally fail in this case, mdiobus provides stats array, where wrong address may allow out-of-bounds read/write. Fix that by adding address verification before read/write operation. While this excludes this access from any statistics, it improves security of read/write operation.

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Aircompressor is a library with ports of the Snappy, LZO, LZ4, and Zstandard compression algorithms to Java. In versions 3.3 and below, incorrect handling of malformed data in Java-based decompressor implementations for Snappy and LZ4 allow remote attackers to read previous buffer contents via crafted compressed input. With certain crafted compressed inputs, elements from the output buffer can end up in the uncompressed output, potentially leaking sensitive data. This is relevant for application ... Aircompressor is a library with ports of the Snappy, LZO, LZ4, and Zstandard compression algorithms to Java. In versions 3.3 and below, incorrect handling of malformed data in Java-based decompressor implementations for Snappy and LZ4 allow remote attackers to read previous buffer contents via crafted compressed input. With certain crafted compressed inputs, elements from the output buffer can end up in the uncompressed output, potentially leaking sensitive data. This is relevant for applications that reuse the same output buffer to uncompress multiple inputs. This can be the case of a web server that allocates a fix-sized buffer for performance purposes. There is similar vulnerability in GHSA-cmp6-m4wj-q63q. This issue is fixed in version 3.4.

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PCSX2 is a free and open-source PlayStation 2 (PS2) emulator. In versions 2.5.377 and below, an unchecked offset and size used in a memcpy operation inside PCSX2's CDVD SCMD 0x91 and SCMD 0x8F handlers allow a specially crafted disc image or ELF to cause an out-of-bounds read from emulator memory. Because the offset and size is controlled through MG header fields, a specially crafted ELF can read data beyond the bounds of mg_buffer and have it reflected back into emulated memory. This issue is f ... PCSX2 is a free and open-source PlayStation 2 (PS2) emulator. In versions 2.5.377 and below, an unchecked offset and size used in a memcpy operation inside PCSX2's CDVD SCMD 0x91 and SCMD 0x8F handlers allow a specially crafted disc image or ELF to cause an out-of-bounds read from emulator memory. Because the offset and size is controlled through MG header fields, a specially crafted ELF can read data beyond the bounds of mg_buffer and have it reflected back into emulated memory. This issue is fixed in version 2.5.378.

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Out-of-bounds read in Windows Defender Firewall Service allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.

Out-of-bounds read in Windows Cloud Files Mini Filter Driver allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Out-of-bounds read in Windows Projected File System allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Acrobat Reader versions 24.001.30264, 20.005.30793, 25.001.20982, 24.001.30273, 20.005.30803 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability when parsing a crafted file, which could result in a read past the end of an allocated memory structure. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.

In aoc_service_read_message of aoc_ipc_core.c, there is a possible out of bounds read due to improper input validation. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

In ProtocolPsUnthrottleApn() of protocolpsadapter.cpp, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local information disclosure with baseband firmware compromise required. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

A memory disclosure vulnerability exists in libcoap's OSCORE configuration parser in libcoap before release-4.3.5-patches. An out-of-bounds read may occur when parsing certain configuration values, allowing an attacker to infer or read memory beyond string boundaries in the .rodata section. This could potentially lead to information disclosure or denial of service.

SSH Agent servers do not validate the size of messages when processing new identity requests, which may cause the program to panic if the message is malformed due to an out of bounds read.

In appendFrom of Parcel.cpp, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

A flaw was found in the X Rendering extension's handling of animated cursors. If a client provides no cursors, the server assumes at least one is present, leading to an out-of-bounds read and potential crash.

An out-of-bounds read flaw was found in libsndfile's FLAC codec functionality. An attacker who is able to submit a specially crafted file (via tricking a user to open or otherwise) to an application linked with libsndfile and using the FLAC codec, could trigger an out-of-bounds read that would most likely cause a crash but could potentially leak memory information that could be used in further exploitation of other flaws.

An out-of-bounds read vulnerability exists in the EMF functionality of PDF-XChange Co. Ltd PDF-XChange Editor 10.7.3.401. By using a specially crafted EMF file, an attacker could exploit this vulnerability to perform an out-of-bounds read, potentially leading to the disclosure of sensitive information.

Out-of-bounds read in Application Information Services allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Out-of-Bounds read in ciCCIOTOPT in ASR180X will cause incorrect computations.

DNG SDK versions 1.7.0 and earlier are affected by an Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability that could lead to memory exposure or application denial of service. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to disclose sensitive information stored in memory. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tty: Fix out-of-bound vmalloc access in imageblit This issue happens when a userspace program does an ioctl FBIOPUT_VSCREENINFO passing the fb_var_screeninfo struct containing only the fields xres, yres, and bits_per_pixel with values. If this struct is the same as the previous ioctl, the vc_resize() detects it and doesn't call the resize_screen(), leaving the fb_var_screeninfo incomplete. And this leads to the updatescrollmo ... In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tty: Fix out-of-bound vmalloc access in imageblit This issue happens when a userspace program does an ioctl FBIOPUT_VSCREENINFO passing the fb_var_screeninfo struct containing only the fields xres, yres, and bits_per_pixel with values. If this struct is the same as the previous ioctl, the vc_resize() detects it and doesn't call the resize_screen(), leaving the fb_var_screeninfo incomplete. And this leads to the updatescrollmode() calculates a wrong value to fbcon_display->vrows, which makes the real_y() return a wrong value of y, and that value, eventually, causes the imageblit to access an out-of-bound address value. To solve this issue I made the resize_screen() be called even if the screen does not need any resizing, so it will "fix and fill" the fb_var_screeninfo independently.

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Out-of-bounds read in Microsoft Office Excel allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.

In initDecoder of C2SoftDav1dDec.cpp, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a heap buffer overflow. This could lead to remote information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

In ProcessArea of dng_misc_opcodes.cpp, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a buffer overflow. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Out-of-bounds read in Application Gateway allows an unauthorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.

AstrBot Project v3.5.22 has an arbitrary file read vulnerability in function _encode_image_bs64. Since the _encode_image_bs64 function defined in entities.py opens the image specified by the user in the request body and returns the image content as a base64-encoded string without checking the legitimacy of the image path, attackers can construct a series of malicious URLs to read any specified file, resulting in sensitive data leakage.

Out-of-bounds read vulnerability in bootloader prior to SMR Dec-2025 Release 1 allows physical attackers to access out-of-bounds memory.

Out-of-bounds read in libimagecodec.quram.so prior to SMR Dec-2025 Release 1 allows remote attackers to access out-of-bounds memory.

The IP parser in tcpdump before 4.9.2 has a buffer over-read in print-ip.c:ip_printts().

The LLDP parser in tcpdump before 4.9.2 has a buffer over-read in print-lldp.c:lldp_mgmt_addr_tlv_print().

file before 5.11 and libmagic allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via a crafted Composite Document File (CDF) file that triggers (1) an out-of-bounds read or (2) an invalid pointer dereference.

OpenZeppelin Contracts is a library for secure smart contract development. The `Base64.encode` function encodes a `bytes` input by iterating over it in chunks of 3 bytes. When this input is not a multiple of 3, the last iteration may read parts of the memory that are beyond the input buffer. The vulnerability is fixed in 5.0.2 and 4.9.6.